Carbon footprint Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mobile Phone and Skype Users Essay

1. Depict nature in which Skype contends dependent on the three attributes of cutting edge markets (Chapter 1). Skype contends in the Internet communication advertise, which gives voice-over-internetprotocol (VOIP) administrations to clients. This permits clients to introduce the product on their PCs and make call through the Internet for nothing. Skype makes little charges for per-minute calls to landlines and cell phones. The three normal attributes of cutting edge markets are 1) showcase vulnerability; 2) mechanical vulnerability and 3) serious instability. 1) Market vulnerability a) The clients are unsure about the security and potential vulnerabilities uncovered by the Skype framework. Clients question the dependability of the framework. It is regularly not utilized for making crisis cases or exceptionally significant issues like calling the rescue vehicle or police. b) There exist distinctive VOIP stages. There is stage reliance, where just Skype clients can make calls to clients who are utilizing the Skype stage. c) Users move in group conduct and there is expanding fame in utilizing social stage like MSN errand person, which additionally gives VOIP administration. In this way there is a move of clients to progressively mainstream stage. 2) Technological vulnerability a) Windows update caused potential glitch in the framework. This made power outages clients, which caused lost of trust in the Skype framework. b) Users questioned the protection security of the framework, which could be interrupted by obscure outsiders calling utilizing Skype. c) Users can without much of a stretch camouflage themselves and distort their personalities when enlisting to utilize the stage. Along these lines unregulated participation expands the ascent of abusing the innovation for wrongdoings. 3) Competitive Volatility a) There is an expanding direct rivalry from huge contenders, for example, Yahoo, MSN and Google. These players have occupied Skype clients as this free voice-correspondence over the net is coordinated into every one of the social stage. As the system increases, a portion of these administrations may use income model of Skype by adding esteem added administration to call clients via landlines and cell phones and give it to free. b) The rising fame in the utilization of Iphone likewise implies there is an expansion of other free calling administrations gave by Tango and Facetime and so on these stage give the capacity to clients to advantageously call utilizing their telephone or contraptions like Ipad.

Teacher Observation Essay Samples - Bullying As Observation

Teacher Observation Essay Samples - Bullying As ObservationTeacher observation essay samples can be tricky because all of the sample essays have an underlying concept that is true but can be completely changed to make the lesson stronger. An example of this is when I used a stereotype about one of my students.In an instant I knew I had a class war ahead of me. The stereotype had to go. It's become a defining part of the class, yet it wasn't even accurate.I made a decision and, to make a long story short, I made it in Owl. The student who believed this stereotype didn't and I moved on. The student who believed it was not a stereotype was labeled and immediately took responsibility for his beliefs. This kid had to be the first out of this class to take action and he was the first of many students I met who understood that stereotype and learned the importance of understanding stereotypes in order to not repeat them.A teacher is a teacher because he or she wants to help students learn t o think and feel free in their own minds and not act on fear. A teacher is a teacher because he or she wants students to learn about being and not acting. A teacher is a teacher because he or she wants students to learn how to think without feeling.When I said the stereotype was a stereotype, I meant it was an unfair and invalid stereotype that could be used to teach students about the ways in which people can be judged without evidence. However, in using the stereotype I emphasized its relevance to the lesson in which case it became a valid and relevant stereotype. In using the stereotype I showed how that stereotype impacted the lesson and made it easier to understand.In an owl classroom you will never find a teacher that will tell you a student has stereotyped, racist, or sexist beliefs. This is because teachers understand that the world is changing. Teaching in an owl class doesn't change. Teachers that teach in an owl class are now responsible for teaching students new stereoty pes and how to deal with them.I am the first owl student teacher, I am aware of that has not corrected his student for using the racist stereotype as a lesson. The teacher with the best attitude and ability to recognize what stereotypes are in the right use will be in charge of teaching these students the new stereotypes.The teacher who learns from observation can begin to understand and teach new stereotypes in owl class. Even teachers that do not believe they are able to understand stereotypes can be helped by being taught the new stereotypes in owl class by a teacher who does not believe in stereotyping.

The Meaning of Diversity Among the Professorateâ€A...

The Meaning of Diversity Among the Professorate—A Literature Review Different aspects of diversity in higher education are an ongoing topic of debate. In order for us to address the issue of diversity, we need to understand what diversity means. This paper reviews a study used at the University of Florida to assess their faculty’s meaning of diversity. It also looked at the faculty’s openness to diversity and the effect diversity has had on them. Researchers at Weber State University could use this, or a similar study, to gain an understanding of what diversity means to faculty at Weber State, as well as diversity’s impact. Literature Review Hon, Weigold, Chance (1999) conducted a study in an attempt to answer two questions: what†¦show more content†¦They collected data using a survey, which began with four open-ended questions. How has diversity affected your professional life? How will diversity affect you in the future? What concerns, hopes and fears do you have about diversity? What can the college do to address diversity issues and opportunities? They used those questions to make a self-administered questionnaire geared towards finding faculty’s beliefs and attitudes concerning diversity in several areas. Two demographic questions were also included, one dealing with status and one dealing with tenure. The findings of Hon et al. (1999) were that most of the faculty thought diversity had minimal if any affect. Most of the faculty responded that they did not believe diversity would have any impact on them in the future. The majority of faculty indicated concerns, instead of hopes, about diversity. Several of the concerns expressed were worries about political correctness and hiring to fill quotas. Most of the responses about the role of administration to address diversity issues were negative. The wording of the question elicited negative responses about administration in general. Future studies could benefit from rewording the question. However, the most important findings concerned the faculty’s preferred definition of diversity. Responses suggested that faculty had different opinions about what made up a diverse faculty on top of the standard race,

Effects Of The Black Death On The Economy - 930 Words

The Black Death or more commonly known as Bubonic Plague, decimated European society in the mid 14 century to the extent that it has not been seen since in human history. It not only killed fifty to sixty percent of the population, but it also brought huge changes to the people of Europe. The impact of the plague caused effects on the economy, society, family structure, public policy, health science, religion, philosophy and literature. Its’ effects would last until the eighteenth century and beyond. The population would not be replenished to levels before the plague until well into twentieth century. The effects of the Black Death, or Bubonic Plague, had severe effects on the economy and society of Europe. Ironically, the laws and responses made by different European states had a much more negative effect on the economy of Europe than it would be hoped. It is important to note that different groups of people fared better than others. For example, there are a few groups in the Northeast of Europe that were not even affected by the plague where people on the coast of the Mediterranean had the highest mortality rates. However, it is quite possible that these groups were affected but there are no surviving records of any deaths, leading historians to believe that the places like Prague in the Czech Republic were untouched. One of the reasons that the Black Plague was so devastating was because the people of Europe had been experiencing a severe times ever since the centuryShow MoreRelatedEssay on Economic Effects of the Black Plague in England1748 Words   |  7 Pagesfamine, disease and economic decay, leading to what many historians believe to be the end of the Middle Ages. Although there were many contributing factors such as famine, collapsing institutions and war. Many historians believe the arrival of the Black Death to England in 1348 was the final straw, and the most impactful agent of change in that area. In a letter to his brother, Petrarch wrote, â€Å"When has any such thing been even heard or seen; in what annals has it ever been read that houses were leftRead MoreThe Black Death s Effects On Europe1470 Words   |  6 PagesThe Black Death’s Effects on Europe Cole Younger WH2 11-20-15 Rough Draft The disastrous plague called the Black Death had monumental, long lasting effects that would ultimately change the fate of the entire continent of Europe. The mid-1300s in Europe were part of the Dark Ages. Human populations were near over-crowding, and the land was stretched to produce food. Mother Nature created a drastic solution. The world lifted a bleak shadow of death and chaos over the people ofRead MoreThe Black Death s Effects On Europe1454 Words   |  6 Pages The disastrous plague called the Black Death had monumental, long lasting effects that would ultimately change the fate of the entire continent of Europe. The mid-1300s in Europe were part of the Dark Ages. Human populations were near over-crowding, and the land was stretched to produce food. Mother Nature created a drastic solution. The world lifted a bleak shadow of death and chaos over the people of Europe in the form of plague. It originated from fleas, but rats carried the fleas with this plagueRead MoreEffect s of the Black Death of the 1300s Essay examples682 Words   |  3 PagesThe Black Plague (also known as the Black Death or Bubonic Plague) of the 1300s is considered by many historians to be one of the most influential events in the history of Europe. Originating in Asia, the Black Plague has three forms; Bubonic which affects the lymph nodes, pneumonic which affects the lungs, and septicemia which affects the blood. Through examining the effects of the Plague on Europe and its people, it is clear that politics, social life, and economics were all irreparably thrownRead MoreThe Black Death And Its Impact On Society1291 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout history many natural events have had a profound effect on mankind, but few of these events have shaped history and culture as profoundly as the Black Death. The Black Death was the name given to the deadly disease that hugely disrupted Europe between 1347 and 1351. The disaster influenced and altered all aspects of European life. Thi s major catastrophe had many later effects, however due to 50 million deaths, people s economic status shifted and these changes left a lasting impact uponRead MoreThe Death Of The Black Death1148 Words   |  5 PagesThe Black Death, one of the greatest natural disaster to hit Europe thus causing the death of many people in the most horrific manner and cause the end of feudalism. This was a disaster that affected one third of the European continent and also one that no one was prepared to face. It killed more people than during a war and it impacted simple lives of people, their culture, religion and the economy as a whole. The origin of The Black Death has several explanations. Some people said The Black DeathRead MoreHow The Black Death Influenced Life1399 Words   |  6 PagesExplain how the Black Death influenced life in Europe The Black Death had a significant negative effect on both the economy of Europe and the Catholic Church during and after it s prime, proving to ruin the lives of many both directly and indirectly subject to the plague. However, it can be argued that the Black Death prompted a restructure in feudalism, increasing equality in society. The Bubonic Plague became prominent in 1347 AD, tearing through the lives of many throughout Europe. A major financialRead MoreThe Plague Of Europe And Asia1165 Words   |  5 Pagesthese problems are somewhat unrelated, they all stem from the same source, the Bubonic Plague. The bubonic plague started in Asia, and spread its way into parts of Northern Africa and Europe devastating everything in its path. Not only did the Black Death effect the people of Europe and Asia, it effected their economic, social, and religious lives as well . During the early 1300’s in Asia, a group of Mongols were traveling through southwestern China . Their goal was to invade the entirety of China withRead MoreThe Black Plague Of Middle Ages1257 Words   |  6 Pagesvile disease that enveloped Europe. The Black Plague thrived in the conditions that Europe and its climate harbored along with the filthy living conditions of European cities. The declination of population was immense and altered the way the economy, arts, and religion of Middle Aged society was structured. Carrying along with these byproducts of such a devastating epidemic are the emergence of influential artists and philosophers of the time. The Black Plague originated in China (Europe’s PlaguesRead MoreThe Black Death : A Silent, Catastrophic Killer1326 Words   |  6 Pages The Black Death: A Silent, Catastrophic Killer In 1347, merchants arrived in Sicily from a trading trip in China. They carried Chinese goods on board with them, but they harbored an unknown killer, as well. Hiding on the rats living on board the cargo vessel was the bacteria Yersinia Pestis, or what would later become known as the Black Death.The Black Death was a disease that destroyed much of Europe’s population throughout the 14th century. This rodent-borne disease was a huge obstacle in human

Satyapaul Essay Example For Students

Satyapaul Essay INTERNSHIP REPORT Genesis Colors pvt. Ltd. : Satya paul Richa Tiwari MFM: 09-11 GENESIS COLORS PVT LTD Genesis Colors Genesis Colors pvt. Ltd. Genesis luxury BRANDS †¢ GENESIS COLORS Genesis Colors (P) Ltd. was established in 2001 with a vision to create a global fashion conglomerate on the lines of international fashion houses. While taking premium Indian fashion labels to the world the company has also pioneered the concept of luxury retail in India. GENESIS LUXURY After spear heading corporatisation in the Indian fashion industry with premium designer labels such as Satya Paul, Deepika Gehani, Samsaara, Shobhaa De and Bwitch, Genesis Colors Pvt Limited, established in 2001, forayed in the year 2008 into the marketing and distribution in India for world-renowned luxury brands through its new division, Genesis Luxury Fashion Pvt. Ltd. †¢ SATYA PAUL †¢ Satya Paul is a renowned name in the world of women’s wear for his creative genius in the area of exquisite prints. Satya Paul is known for his designs inspired from the Mother Nature. The designer gets the inspiration from the life and from the whole world around us. †¢ Initially the Satya Paul line consisted of sarees and fabrics but eventually expanded to include scarves and ties which are in its collections today. †¢ Today Paul’s son Puneet is the head designer for the Satya Paul brand. He works with weavers, printers and craftsmen to combine traditional methods and modern technology. With his clothes Satya Paul hopes to make an impact on the world OTHER BRANDS DEEPIKA GEHANI Samsara B! witch Tie Rack †¢ Deepika’s collections are characterized as refreshingly feminine and chic. Associated with Genesis Colors Pvt. Ltd. since 2005, the brand has won accolades for cutting edge designs at Indian and international fashion events. †¢ This luxurious abode of fashion, which has more than a dozen high-end concept boutiques across India and the Gulf, is a onestop designer destination that provides high fashion clothing, shoes, accessorie s and home furnishings †¢ India’s very own designer lingerie label is youthful, seductive, and fashionable lingerie for the contemporary Indian woman. A style for every mood, thought and occasion that not only compliments the outfit but also accentuates her form. Genesis Colors signed a licensing agreement with Tie Rack London and brought the brand in India in May 2009. Accessory range available in Tie Rack stores in India includes ties, cufflinks, shirts, watches, belts, wallets, silk scarves, sunglasses, portfolio bags for men. THE INFRASTRUCTURE Design studio Manufacturing The inception of the Satya Paul Design Studio dates back to 1985, at a time when the Indian fashion Industry was still at a nascent stage; it immediately established itself with the originality and quality of its printed fabrics and garments. Over the years, the in-house digital design studio has developed into a benchmark not just for aesthetics but also for its technical prowess. It encompasses the entire design process from yarn and weaves, printing, embroideries and hand painting to patterns, accessorising and finishing. Genesis Colors is one of the few companies that can boast of technology driven, fully automated production facilities in Mumbai and Gurgaon. These state-of-the-art facilities feature highly advanced machinery and a collective workforce of more than a thousand skilled professionals. Matched with a dedicated quality conscious production team, these facilities comprise of specific units for printing, dyeing, embroidery and stitching. MISSION The Satya Paul label’s mission is to serve its muse, the Satya Paul customer. She is the global woman of today; intelligent, responsive, fulfilling many roles – nurturer, corporate hi-flier, world citizen and ecological guardiansecure in her own skin. The label answers her sartorial needs with the Satya Paul product line saries, fusion and western clothing; scarves, stoles, bags, accessories and fabric. Tools used are colour and print, textile and texture, line and silhouette, but most of all a sensibility that reaches beyond pure fashion and has everything to do with style. BRAND STRATEGY †¢ Satya Paul Design Studio’s growth springs from a proactive responsiveness; responsiveness to the customer, the environment, the rich Indian culture and heritage. †¢ The studio operates from the strength of being a brand that originated the vertically integrated, concept-to-customer process, a process that begins with the yarn and extends to the stand-alone or franchisee store. The merchandising though, does not begin with or end there; at Satya Paul, the catwalk presentation is intrinsic to the entire process. Great works of art inspire design and fabric motifs; live music orchestrates a catwalk presentation, making it a memorable visual experience, aiding top-of-the mind brand recall! This reaffirms Satya Paul’s connectedness to the world we live in and design for. BRAN D PRESENCE Augmenting the brand’s stature and establishing its global presence is a dedicated workforce of over 300 trained professionals in design and business. The studio’s wellnetworked marketing team distributes the product through a chain of exclusive salons, stand-alone and franchisee shops, premier fashion stores and boutiques throughout India and in several foreign cities. Genesis Colors Pvt. Ltd. , the holding company, works on increasing exports through new avenues in countries like UAE, Hong Kong, Singapore, United Kingdom, Sri Lanka, Ireland, Germany, Italy, U. S. A and France. TEAM The brand is lead by Sanjay Kapoor, who oversees Finance and Marketing Jyoti Narula, who is hands onto Operations and Logistics and Puneet Nanda, who is the Design head for Satya Paul. MANUFACTURING PROCESS The Satya Paul manufacturing process incorporates updated traditional techniques and modern technology. The strictest quality control measures are integral to the entire process and a respect for worker, community and the environment informs all that the label initiates, whether it is management-staff relationships or the eco-conscious work processes. My Trip to El Salvador EssayThis is expected to place the product not for connoisseur segment but definitely for the premium segment of the Indian market. PRICE- BRAND PERCEPTION PRICE PERCEPTION TITAN (sonata) maxima HMT Timex TITAN (fastrack) TANISHQ TITAN(Raga) ROLEX CITIZEN CASIO RADO ROLEX BRANDS P R I C E TANISHQ ZEIT RADO CASIO CITIZEN TITAN(Raga) TITAN (sonata) maxima HMT Timex TITAN (fastrack) PERCEPTION WATCH MARKET MAP Formal / Classic Omega,Rado, Longines Raymond Weil Tissot Timex TITAN, RAGA Citizen Nebula Sonata, HMT, Maxima Zeit By SP XYLYS Price Rs 500 1000 2000 4000 5000 10000 20,000 + Espirit, Swatch Fossil Giordano, DKNY, Carrera Tommy Hilfiger Fastrack Tag Heuer Hugo Boss C Dior Fashion/Sporty AS A PRODUCT †¢After studying the consumer review while survey we came to the conclusion that chain straps are in the vogue and preferred by the masses. †¢As such the Indian brand for designer watches is not present. Hence, Satya Paul stands a good chance of standing in the market with a unique identity for the Designer watches. Features for the product will be as follows: †¢ Product is delicate and should carry the potential to cater to then high end market segment. It is a luxury product, status symbol. †¢ They are high quality, precious, delicate. †¢ Prefer to have the precious stones and the chain strap as survey depicts the same that most preferences are of the leather straps and chain straps. PRICE †¢The penetration price strategy will be adapted to market ZEIT to the customers. The price will be set in the range of 4,000 INR to 15,000 I NR at introduction stage and price will be reviewed at later stage of product lifecycle. †¢Consumers generally prefer to spend Rs. 5000 to Rs. 25000 on a watch. where as segment of Rs. 5000-Rs. 0, 000. Is preferred by 50% of the consumer market. †¢ We als o analyze d that people are ready to shell rs 5000 – rs 15000 for a SP watch †¢S o w e w o u l d p r e f e r i f t h e range of our maximum watches lies in this range o n l y. †¢G o i n g b e l o w 5 0 0 0 i n r w o u l d not help us to give the image of brand of upper middle †¢A l s o a n a l y z i n g t h e b a s i c consumer market we would suggest to have that maximum potential of the market lies in this segment o n l y. CHANNEL MARGINS 8-10% Manufacturer Distributer Satya Paul Retailer Final Cons ume r 0% + VAT Net Line Discount= (30% of MRP+ VAT) + 8-10%; When product is sent outside Delhi Net Line Discount= (30% of MRP+ VAT) COMPETITORS PRICE RANGE ANNUAL SALES IN PIECES PROMINENT BRANDS Rs. 20,000 to Rs. 50,000 30,000-35,000 (ESTIMATED) Baume Mercier, Movado, Rado, Longines, Tissot, Raymond Well, Tag Heuer, Christian Dior etc. Rado, Longines, Tissot, Citizen, Titan, Camera etc. Titan, Tissot, Citizen,Pierre Cardin, Raymond Renee, CAT, Romanson, Tommy Hilfiger, Fossil, DKNY etc. Titan, Esprit, Pierre Cardin, Times, Citizen, Romanson, Raymond Renee, Sandoz, Casio, Swatch, Giordano, D’signer etc. Titan, Sonata, Timex, HMT, Maxima Casio, Cizer, D’signer, QQ etc. Rs. 10,000 to Rs. 20,000 40,000-50,000 Rs. 5,000 to Rs. 10,000 2 to 2. 5 lac. Rs. 2,500 to Rs. 5,000 3 to 3. 5 lac Rs. 750 – Rs. 2500 40 to 45 lac STP Segmentation †¢ Geographic Segmentation: Metro cities †¢ Demographic Segmentation: 25 yrs. above, Upper middle Premium income group †¢ Psychographic Segmentation: Elite / Professional class, Businessmen, Market savvy, high profile executive †¢ Behaviouralistic Segmentation: Brand conscious, Fashion conscious, Who wants to communicate wealth, Has jewelry as weakness, Project a confident image Target Already existing Satyapaul’s customers fashion conscious people Positioning Premium designer brand MERCHANDISING DEPARTMENT Merchandiser plans Merchandiser has to the activities manage every single depending on the essentials or nonproduction has to essentials, and top follow-up the priority are given to execution in the planned way. the most essential tasks. LEARNING Merchandiser has to In a daily schedule, reorganize the merchandiser has to schedules to carry-out and accomplish tasks, categorize which is output capacity, no. f pieces to be produced the most significant daily, substitute and urgent task and arrangements, time have to be corrected availability, supply time, by prioritizing to scheduling critical ratio, meet the deadlines. etc. OTHER LEARNING OBSERVATIONS Satya paul has two types of stores: On the basis of products: †¢ Accessories stores †¢ Sarees stores On the basis of ownership †¢ Company owned †¢ Franchisee They have 3 warehouse s: †¢ Khandsa: for accessories manufacturing of ties †¢ Mahipalpur: for sarees †¢ Corporate office basement: Miscellaneous products I also learnt the use of Microsoft Navision software, which is a complete enterprise resource planning (ERP) solution for midsized organizations that is fast to implement, easy to configure, and simple to use. Right from the start, simplicity has guided—and continues to guide—innovations in product design, development, implementation, and usability. All stores are connected through LAN on Navision OTHER LEARNING †¢ With the help of Navisiosn, the merchandiser compares the Base stock level (BSL) and actual stock level (ASL) of each store. †¢ After which, if BSLASL, the store manager is asked to outward the nonmoving products if BSL

The Ideal Dinner (Billy Corgan, Jimi Hendrix, And G. Washington) Essay

The Ideal Dinner (Billy Corgan, Jimi Hendrix, and G. Washington) If I could invite any three people to dinner, I would probably choose Billy Corgan of the Smashing Pumpkins, Jimi Hendrix, and George Washington. A strange combination to say the least, but I feel that I could learn a lot from all of them in the areas of creativity, skill, and wisdom. I would invite Billy Corgan because of the poetic lyrics in the songs he writes. He uses majestic words to describe everyday things and expresses himself beautifully, even in songs that don't sound like they would have good lyrics. I would like to know where he gets his inspiration. His lyrics do not even have to rhyme, but they flow together so beautifully, that you do not even notice. I would ask him about his future albums, projects, and ideas to gain a better understanding of poetry, lyrics, and songwriting. He is very intelligent, and I think he has a lot to share with everyone. His diversity, talent, and his ability to be ferocious and graceful at the same time would make me want to invite Billy Corgan to dinner. I would invite Jimi Hendrix because he was one of the greatest guitarists of all time, despite his drug habits. Hendrix was ahead of his time with the music he played. He introduced a whole new style of rock guitar. His lyrics were simple and were almost always about love, but his guitar talent and unique playing style always made up for it. I would love to have a jam session with him and maybe have him teach me some things I do not know about playing guitar. It would be a great honor to learn from a teacher as great as him. A lot of people would kill for a chance to do just that. His uncanny ability to play my favorite instrument, the guitar, would be plenty enough reason to invite Jimi Hendrix to dinner. My third guest would be much different than the rest. Not only because he didn't play guitar, but for the fact that he existed a couple hundred of years before either of the other two. I would invite George Washington to dinner because he was one of the founders of our country. The Constitution of the United States and other old bills are so vague, that I do not feel we have an accurate grasp of what the founders meant for our country. I would like to pick his brain and find out what he had in mind for the country that we live in. I think there would be a lot of changes in this country if he were alive today, a lot of them, quite possibly, for the better. I believe that the country is not at all what he intended it to be. I would like to know his views on God, his knowledge about law, and maybe how to win a war or two. His bravery, intellect, and wisdom would convince me to invite George Washington to dinner.

Gilbert Newton Lewis essays

Gilbert Newton Lewis essays The conclusion of a manuscript located at the Bancroft Library at UC Berkeley, laid the words: "I have attempted to give you a glimpse...of what there may be of soul in chemistry. But it may have been in vain. Perchance the chemist is already damned and the guardian the blackest. But if the chemist has lost his soul, he will not have lost his courage and as he descends into the inferno, sees the rows of glowing furnaces and sniffs the homey fumes of brimstone, he will call out-: 'Asmodeus, hand me a test-tube... Gilbert Newton Lewis was by far one of the greatest and most powerful of American chemists. These words come from a man who was the most well-known figure in a great revolution that brought America to the front in chemistry. Lewis influenced this revolution by both his teaching and his research. Throughout the course of the nineteenth century, many nations in Europe dominated science, but the first half of the twentieth century brought a tidal wave of scientific research that thrust America to the forefront. Lewis taught at Harvard and MIT before becoming a Professor and Dean at the University of California at Berkeley, whose then languishing College of Chemistry he single-handedly transformed into one of the nation's best. Lewis became the mentor to 290 Ph.D. recipients and 20 Nobel Prize winners. For example, he directed the experiments that resulted in the discovery of elements 93-106. In his own work, Lewis combined strict discipline in collecting and organizing data with innovative interpretation of the results. In the early 1930s, he became the first scientist to produce "heavy water," with double-weight hydrogen atoms, which was essential to early experiments in atomic energy. He also worked with Ernest Lawrence in the invention of the cyclotron and in early atom-smashing experiments. From the late 1930s to his death in 1946, Lewis focused on photochemistry. In fact, it was he who coined the term "...

Lesson Plan Topics for any Content Area, Grades 7-12

Lesson Plan Topics for any Content Area, Grades 7-12 While every school may have  different requirements for the writing of lesson plans or how often they are to be submitted, there are common enough topics that can be organized on a template or guide for teachers for any content area. A template such as this could be used in conjunction with the explanation  How to Write Lesson Plans. Regardless of the form used, teachers should be sure to keep these two most important questions in mind as they craft a lesson plan: What do I want my students to know? (objective)How will I know students learned from this lesson? (assessment) The topics covered here in bold are those  topics usually required in lesson plan regardless of subject area. Class: the name of the  class or classes for which this lesson is intended.    Duration: Teachers should note the approximate time that this lesson will take to complete. There should be an explanation if this lesson will be extended over the course  of several days. Materials Required: Teachers should list any handouts and technology equipment that is required. Use of a template like this may be helpful in planning to reserve any media equipment in advance that might be needed for the lesson. An alternative non-digital plan may be needed. Some schools may require a copy of handouts or worksheets to be attached the lesson plan template. Key Vocabulary: Teachers should develop a list of any new and unique terms that students need to understand for this lesson.   The title of Lesson/Description:  One sentence is usually enough, but a well- crafted title on a lesson plan can explain a lesson well enough so that even a brief description is unnecessary.   Objectives: The first of a the lessons two most important topics is the lessons objective: What is the reason or purpose for this lesson? What will  students know or be able to do at the conclusion of this lesson(s)? These questions drive a  lessons objective(s). Some schools focus on a teacher writing and placing the objective in view so that the students also understand what the purpose of the lesson will be. The objective(s) of a lesson defines the expectations for learning, and they give a hint on how that learning will be assessed. Standards: Here teachers should list any state and/or national standards that the lesson addresses. Some school districts require teachers to prioritize the standards. In other words, placing a focus on those standards which are directly addressed in the lesson as opposed to those standards which are supported by the lesson.   EL Modifications/Strategies: Here a teacher  may list any EL (English learners) or other student modifications as required. These modifications can be designed as specific to needs of students in a class. Because many of the strategies used with EL students or other special needs students are strategies that are good for all students, this may be a place to list all instructional strategies used to improve  student understanding for all learners (Tier 1 instruction). For example, there may be a presentation of new material in  multiple formats (visual, audio, physical)   or there may be multiple opportunities for increased student interaction through turn and talks or think, pair, shares. Lesson Introduction/Opening set: This portion of the lesson should give a rationale how this introduction will help  students make connections with the rest of the lesson or unit that is being taught. An opening set should not be busy work, but rather be a planned activity that sets the tone for the lesson that follows. Step-by-Step Procedure: As the name implies, teachers should write down the steps in the sequence necessary to teach the lesson. This is a chance to think through each action necessary as a form of mental practice to better organize for the lesson. Teachers  should also note down any materials they will need for each step in order to be prepared.   Review/Possible Areas of Misconception:  Teachers can highlight terms and/or ideas they  anticipate may cause confusion, words they will want to revisit with the students at the end of the lesson.   Homework:  Note any homework that will be assigned  to students to go with the lesson. This is only one method to assess student learning which can unreliable as a measurement Assessment:  Despite being the lone of the last topics on this template,  this is the most important part of planning any  lesson.   In the past, informal homework was one measure; high stakes testing was another.   Authors and educators  Grant Wiggins and Jay McTigue   posed this  in their seminal work Backward Design:   What will we [teachers] accept as evidence of student understanding and proficiency? They encouraged teachers to begin designing a lesson by starting at the end. Every lesson should include a means to answer the question How will I know students understand what was taught in a lesson? What will my students be able to do?   In order to determine the answer to these questions, it is important to plan in detail how you plan to measure or evaluate student learning both formally and informally.   For example, will the evidence of understanding be an informal exit slip with student short responses to a question or prompt at the end of a lesson? Researchers (Fisher Frey, 2004) suggested that exit slips can be generated for different purposes using differently worded prompts: Use an exit slip  with a prompt that records what was learned (Ex. Write one thing you learned today);Use an  exit slip  with a prompt  that allows for future learning (Ex. Write one question you have about todays lesson);Use an  exit slip  with a prompt  that helps to rate any the instructional strategies used strategies (EX: Was small group work helpful for  this lesson?) Similarly, teachers may choose to use a response poll or vote. A quick quiz may also provide important feedback. The traditional review of homework can also provide needed information to inform instruction.   Unfortunately, too many secondary teachers do not use assessment or evaluation on a lesson plan to its best use. They may rely on more formal methods of assessing student understanding, such as a test or paper. These methods may come too late in providing the immediate feedback to improve daily instruction. However, because  assessing student learning may happen at a later time, such as an end-of-the-unit exam, a lesson plan may provide a teacher the opportunity to create assessment questions for use later. Teachers can test a question in order to see how well students may do answering that question at a later date. This will ensure that you have covered all required material and given your students the best chance at success. Reflection/Evaluation: This is where a teacher may record the success of a lesson or make notes for future use.  If this is a lesson that will be given repeatedly during the day, reflection may be an area where a teacher may explain or note any adaptations on a lesson that has been given several times over the course of a day. What strategies were more successful than other? What  plans may be needed to adapt the lesson? This is the topic in a template where teachers could record any recommended changes in time, in materials, or in the methods used to assess student understanding. Recording this information can also be used as part of a schools evaluation process that asks teachers to be reflective in their practice.

The Engineers Concern about the Overhead Rate Going Up and Up in Assignment

The Engineers Concern about the Overhead Rate Going Up and Up in Managerial Accounting - Assignment Example A single hour of the labor carries an additional burden amount of $1,500 (Wagener, 2010). Moreover, the underlying labor cost contributes up to five percent of the prevailing cost of the product thus making it the main propeller of the all the cost of Fabricator Inc. Since one cost is utilized as the main pricing standard and in the case of the Fabricator Inc they use labor, their main concern that the underlying set standard might be cumbersome to accomplish (Warren, Reeve, Duchac, & Warren, 2012). Therefore, lost labor in its entity is inadequacies as an example is depicted by the prevailing management as either poor pricing or production (Warren, Reeve, Duchac, & Warren, 2012). Even though overhead is fundamental and normally demanded the production process, bid pricing that is mainly driven by labor as the standard would eventually be more expensive. The most effective means would be utilizing activity-based costing because Fabricator Inc mainly specializes in executing underlying customer orders and every order is unique and possesses different requirement. Utilizing single overhead rate is thus not acceptable (Wagener, 2010). The engineer has also mentioned that the standard was being worked around by the corresponding design engineering thus rendering the prevailing standard utilized by Fabricator Inc unreliable (Kaplan & Anderson, 2007). The engineer meant that high job cost standard for the project biding might infrequent the prevailing project managers mandated by pricing a job forbid when he said that a relatively large overhead rate is a disadvantage to the company in terms of placing bids and seeking new business (Lal & Srivastava, 2009). Any errors in the estimate for the labor hours would definitely possess massive implications in the operation of the company (Warren, Reeve, Duchac, & Warren, 2012). Moreover, miscalculation or rather a failure by few hours  could definitely imply that the company would either be losing the bid or correspondingly be losing money in case the job is acquired.  

Thornton's Strategic Choices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Thornton's Strategic Choices - Essay Example 18 References 21 (Words 4997) 1. Introduction The identification of successful strategies is a key challenge for managers worldwide. Usually, the ability of managers to locate strategies that are able to respond to organizational needs is differentiated, according to the personal skills and perceptions. Also, each organization’s external environment is likely to affect, more or less, the progress of strategies of the particular organization. In this context, the establishment of an effective strategic management framework can help an organization to increase its efficiencies and stabilize its market position. Kew and Stredwick (2005) note that three are the key elements of all strategic management frameworks: ‘the strategic analysis, the strategic choice and the strategic implementation’ (Kew and Stredwick 2005, p.205). The first of these elements, i.e. the strategic analysis addresses the following two issues: ‘which is the organization’s current pos ition and where the organization wants to go’ (Kew and Stredwick 2005, p.205). At the next level, the strategic choice refers to the need for the identification of appropriate strategic options, as appropriate, for responding to the organization’s needs, as they have been identified through the strategic analysis process (Kew and Stredwick 2005). ... In 2011, the firm’s employees were estimated to 4,205 (Thornton, company website, investor relations 2012). The firm’s turnover in 2011 was estimated to ?218.26m, slightly increased to the turnover of 2010, which was estimated to ?214.55m (Thornton, company website, investor relations/ financial summary 2012). The firm’s performance during the last five years indicates that the organization has been able to face effectively the market challenges. Indeed, the turnover of the firm from 2007 up to 2011 has been changed, as presented in the table in Figure 1 below. Turnover of Thornton from 2007 to 2011 2007 ?185.99m 2008 ?208.12m 2009 ?214.80m 2010 ?214.55m 2011 ?218.26m Figure 1 - Turnover of Thornton from 2007 to 2011 (Source: company website, investor relations/ financial summary 2012) According to the figures presented in Figure 1 below, the organization has managed to achieve a continuous growth. However, if reviewed more carefully, the organization’s pe rformance has not been improved the last five years. More specifically, the organization’s profits have been significantly decreased in 2011, if compared to 2007, as also revealed through the table in Figure 2 below. Profits of Thornton from 2007 to 2011 2007 ?5.21m 2008 ?6.07m 2009 ?3.60m 2010 ?4.35m 2011 -?0.25m Figure 2 – Profits (after tax) of Thornton from 2007 to 2011 (Source: company website, investor relations/ financial summary 2012) At the same time, the number of the organization’s employees has been decreased in 2011, as compared to 2010; in 2010 the firm’s employees were 4,377 while in 2011 they were reduced to 4,205 (Thornton, company website, investor relations 2012). Also, problems in regard to the alignment

Predictors Of Husband To Wife Violence :: essays research papers

Article: Feldbau-Khon, S., Heyman, R., and O’Leary, K. (1998). Major depressive disorder and depressive symptomatology as predictors of husband to wife physical abuse. Violence and Victims, 13, 347-359. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The work of Feldbau-Khon, S., Heyman, R., and O’Leary, K. is described in the article, â€Å"Major Depressive Disorder and Depressive Symptomatology as Predictors of Husband to Wife Physical Aggression.† The authors tested the link between a husband’s depressive symptomatology and the frequency of physical aggression toward his wife. Also tested was the husband’s Major Depressive Disorder and the frequency of physical aggression towards his wife. The authors had four hypotheses. 1: Clinically depressed men are more physically aggressive. 2: Depressive symptomatology is associated with frequency of physical aggression. 3: Depressive symptomatology effects on physical aggression are accounted for by other variables. 4: Depressive symptomatology effects on psychological aggression are accounted for by other variables.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The study assessed physically aggressive men who volunteered for treatment with their wives. Participants responded to newspaper announcements offering free therapy for relationship conflicts. All spouses completed three-hour assessments consisting of structured interviews and self-report measures. Almost one third had moderate levels of depressive symptomatology, but only 11% met the criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Although a significant relationship between increased depressive symptomatology and frequency of physical aggression was found, the relationship was most likely accounted for by self- reported anger. Weaknesses   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One weakness with this study is the makeup of the sample. The racial composition of the sample was 1.3% Black, 1.3% Asian, and 97% White. No Hispanics were included in the study although Hispanic men are also sometimes very violent to their wives. The sample should have had more diversity, not be made up almost entirely of Whites. Some races are more naturally violent than others are because its part of their culture. Using mostly whites in this study taints it because different depression could be a major factor affecting the physical violence of whites but perhaps not men of other races.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another weakness of this study is that it is never mentioned whether or not any of the subjects were taking any sort of medication. Many types of medications, for example any type Serotonin inhibitor, can affect violent behavior.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The fact that the subjects were volunteers raises an issue. The participants responded to an advertisement for free therapy for relationship conflicts. These people wanted help. They were not ordered by the court to obtain therapy.

European imperialism Essay

Mortimer Chambers et al define imperialism as a European state’s intervention in and continuing domination over a non-European territory. During the ‘Scramble for Africa’ in the late nineteenth century, the most powerful European nations desired to conquer, dominate and exploit African colonies with the hope of building an empire. According to Derrick Murphy, in 1875 only ten percent of Africa was occupied by European states. Twenty years later only ten percent remained unoccupied. There were several factors which attracted European imperialists to Africa. There were opportunities for profitable investment and trade. Raw materials, which Africa possessed in abundance, were also desired. A cheap source of labour was required as it would result in higher profits. In addition, there was international rivalry among European nations. Domestic political interests and social Darwinism may also be blamed for attracting European imperialism to Africa. European imperialists were lured to Africa by the potential economic benefits she possessed. Industrialization caused a mass productivity and there became an artificial need for foreign markets to invest in. According to Brian Levack et al, with the onset of economic decline in 1873 industrialists were faced with a declining demand for their products in Europe. Imperial expansion, it was thought, would provide a solution with annexed territories seen as captive markets. It was believed that the unfavorable balance of trade that Britain and other industrial countries were experiencing could be counterbalanced by the income from overseas investments. Also, surplus capital could be profitably invested in Africa where cheap labour and limited competition would result in higher profits. Prominent European imperialists decided to use the public resources of their country to find lucrative means of using their capital. The English radical economist J.A. Hobson, argues that the intention was to level out inequalities of wealth to increase domestic consumption. Local merchants, traders and bankers were optimistic towards the idea of imperial expansion and capital investments outside of Europe became an increasingly vital sector of its economy. There was an increasing demand for raw materials in Europe in the late nineteenth century. According to Brian Levack, the new technologies characteristic of the industrial revolution meant that industrial Europe  became increasingly dependent on raw materials. European nations felt the urge to control lands that possessed great quantities of raw materials. Africa was rich with raw materials as well as many treasure reserves. As a result, many major industrial companies attempted to gain a monopoly of raw materials in Africa. Stuart Miller believes that specific trade links were important to particular industries. Some raw materials in Africa were of great importance; the vegetable oil of the Niger was vital for lubricating industrial machinery and the rubber of the Congo was not only essential for the tires on the new automobiles but also for insulating the electrical and telegraph wires now encircling the globe. The plentiful elephant herds could be slaughtered to provide the ivory for many of the new consumer goods such as piano keys, billiard balls and knife handles. In Togoland, Germans were able to cultivate plantations where they grew cocoa and rubber. Other raw materials included peanuts, cotton and tea. There were also many important minerals and South Africa possessed gold and diamonds. International rivalry among European nations contributed greatly to imperialist ventures in Africa. Britain’s rivalry with France and Germany accounted for a large part of the colonization. The British government wished to maintain its dominance in the colonial regions. Other European powers desired to expand their colonial spheres as well and Britain responded by seizing colonies. Certain territories were important for their location. The Suez Canal was key waterway between East and West Africa. The immense interior between the gold and diamond rich Southern Africa and Egypt had a strategic value as domination of this region was important to secure the flow of overseas trade. The British wanted to link their possessions in Southern Africa with their territories in East Africa, and these two areas with the Nile basin. Obtaining the Sudan was vital to the fulfillment of these ambitions especially since Egypt was already under British control. This ‘red-line’ through Africa was made famous by Cecil Rhodes and Lord Milner who advocated for a ‘Cape to Cairo’ empire linking by rail the Suez Canal to the Southern part which possessed many minerals. According to Brian Levack, there was also a certain level of nationalist competition. The unification of Germany upset the balance of power in Europe. In this climate of tension, governments looked towards enforcing national strength. The  newly formed nations of Italy and Germany now sought empires outside Europe as a means of gaining power and prestige within Europe. In the nineteenth century, a German historian Henrich con Treitschke stated â€Å"All great nations in the fullness of their strength have desired to set their mark on barbarian lands and those who fail to participate in this great rivalry will pay a pitiable role in time to come.† Under the leadership of Bismarck, Germany soon embarked on a quest of expansionism. Bismarck’s distrust of England under Gladstone was one of the reasons he decided to do this. Germany became engaged in an arms race with Great Britain and it desired as many military and naval bases as it could obtain. France needed to restore its damaged national pride after its defeat by Germany in the Franco-Prussian war and therefore embarked upon expansionism. Their aim was to have an uninterrupted link between the Niger River and the Nile, thus controlling all trade to and from the Sahel region, by virtue of their existing control over the Caravan routes through the Sahara. Domestic political interests also contributed to European Imperialism in Africa. As stated by Brain Levack, in the age of mass politics, political leaders needed to find issues that would both appeal to new voters and strengthen the status quo. Imperialism led the ordinary European people to believe that they were part of a superior, conquering people. Bismarck used imperial issues to help him find political allies in Germany and once remarked â€Å"all this colonial business is a sham but we need it for the elections.† According to Lawrence James, in the 1890s witnessed a rapid expansion of newspaper readership with the appearance of a new type of daily designed to attract the working and lower middle class. Social Darwinism and missionary intentions are two excuses that are used to justify European imperialism in Africa. Rudyard Kipling characterized the Africans as â€Å"sullen, new caught peoples, half devil and half child.† The Europeans believed it to be their duty to civilize the wild savage Africans. Liberalism, which may be defined as a dedication to self-improvement and the belief that there were discoverable rules of general conduct that everyone could follow, contributed to the paternal manner in which Europe acted and arguments of racial and cultural superiority that pushed Europeans into  Africa to ‘civilize’ the local populations. Lawrence James states that nations who had now reached the highest stage of civilization were taking control over those which had lagged behind, or races, like the Asante, who were not seen as fit to control their own affairs. In an issue of the Dublin Review in the late nineteenth century it was stated that â€Å"The future of Africa under any form of European tutelage must be better than the dark and evil nightmare of the past†. These Social Darwinists were able to persuade the natives that what was being done was to their ultimate benefit. According to Derrick Murphy et al, there existed the idea that imperialism was a moral duty as a means of spreading Western civilization and Christian values. Many Europeans bought this excuse while others did not. Africans were forced to adopt the Christian religion. In some cases they were killed for continuing to practice their own faiths. Some historians believe that the whole motive for Christian evangelism in Africa was simply to disrupt and destroy and that it was always politically motivated. First, missionaries were brought to the continent. Secondly, after some natives were converted and there was a considerable amount of confusion among them, the troops were sent to exploit them. Their main intention was to divide to control. According to an African chieftain â€Å"The white man is very clever. He came quietly and peaceably with his religion. We were amused at his foolishness and allowed him to stay. Now he has won our brothers and our clan can no longer act like one. He has put a knife on the things that held us together and we have fallen apart.†Various factors attracted European imperialism to Africa in the later nineteenth century. Europe was changing and their colonial empires were associated with the ideas of national greatness and the survival of the fittest. This caused a massive drive for empires. There was a yearning for raw materials, national power and prestige. Each nation which possessed a colonial territory also possessed a sense of superiority. Bibliography 1.) Chambers Mortimer, Hanawalt Barbara, Rabb Theodore, Woloch Isser, Grew Raymond, The Western Experience, 1999, The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc., United States of America2.) James Lawrence, ‘The White Man’s Burden’? Imperial Wars in the 1890s’ Spielvogel Jackson, Western Civilization, Mc Graw Hill, Connecticut, 1999(pgs 100-105)3.) Levack Brian, Muir Edward, Maas Michael, Veldman Meredith, The West, Encounters and Transformations, 2004, Pearson Education Inc., United States of America4.) Miller Stuart, Mastering Modern European History, 1997, Palgrave, United Kingdom, Hampshire5.) Murphy Derrick, Morris Terry, Europe 1870-1991, 2000, Harper Collins Publishers LTD, United Kingdom, England6.) ‘The Church as a Tool of Imperialism’

Persuasive Speech - Original Writing - 1241 Words

I woke up with my eyes shooting open, and my heart pounding as if my body just stopped moving completely. The yelling came right through the walls, and familiar voices rising above the sacred silence. As I went to go investigate, I opened my door only to see my father and brother in a heated argument, ready to fight. The explicit language coming out from my father’s voice frightened me because I knew what was going to happen next. My father threw the first punch, knocking down my brother to the floor. I stood there frozen, trying to understand why this all started. They fight endlessly, while my mother desperately tries to break them apart with tears running down her face. I feel like running, but where to? The thoughts of fear looped†¦show more content†¦I needed an escape route. Somewhere that I could go to forget about the looming darkness surrounding me every time I came home. I got an amazing opportunity to join the Grassroots Leadership Development Program. GLDP is a leadership program for high school students with a Hispanic background, to get to know more about what’s going on in our community, and develop ways to make us better leaders. I knew I was taking a huge step for myself, and coming out from where I was hiding. Through this program, I was able to go to a three day conference in Chicago, hosted by the United States Hispanic Leadership Institute, where I changed my perspective of how I was dealing with my situation. I knew after graduating from GDLP, I learned the skills to become a good leader. I met a great speaker who was really inspirational and his speech really helped me create a new mindset in my head. I have experienced being a leader through playing on the Bryan High girls soccer team as a team captain, being a part of groups for class presentations, and being a youth leader in my church. This is my predominant strength I have been building on more and more each day. Some of my valuable leadership traits that I obtained and strengthened are: How to be a good team player, a better listener, and being a great public speaker. Even though I have gained these skills, I continue to grow and learn, in order to become more assertive, disciplined, and hard working. I remember giving a speech inShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Speech - Original Writing1024 Words   |  5 PagesShoved away at the back of the cupboard on the highest shelf I lay there waiting to be unexpectedly found by the wrong person or to be used to make people happy. Either way results in the end of my life. Bundled away where no one can see, Richard is the only one who knows where I am. I play with his thoughts and guilty conscious everyday making him fear every knock at the door. Richard continues to hide me from his wife; all I am to him is a bit of fun and extra income. I wish I had a helpful purposeRead MorePersuasive Speech - Original Writing933 Words   |  4 PagesAfter we got everything situated for the strip club, Grip said he had to go take care of some stuff and left. Death looks at me wanna grab some dinner with me? I was starving, so why the hell not. We headed out in separate vehicles towards the pizza parlor, Death walked up to my truck, when I parked, opening my door for me. As we walked towards the building you know you are going to be getting looks because you re with a D.C. member right? I smiled at him, I don t care, I m used to beingRead MorePersuasive Speech - Original Writing1132 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å" No my dear,† she said. â€Å" Only you.† I guess that I should be heading to my room now, I have work early tomorrow.† Billy said a little startled. â€Å" Would you like another cup of tea?† she said ignoring that Billy wanted to leave. â€Å" No thankyou, I am going to go to sleep now.† Billy said even more uneasy. Billy went upstairs just a little bit faster than a walk. He found the room that she showed him when he first got there. He recognized the room, and walked in. He then noticed a white sheet of paperRead MorePersuasive Speech - Original Writing1489 Words   |  6 PagesI sat down in my own chair, my hands folded in my lap. My legs were crossed and were swaying back and forth below my seat, sort of like a swing wistfully blowing in the wind. So, how do you feel? she asked, concerned. I m okay now, I whispered, looking down at my hands. Did Victor do anything to do when you were with him? No, not at all. I was just worried about being able to see him... he isn t doing well, you see... he... he could... She looked mournful, and tears were at the cornersRead MorePersuasive Speech - Original Writing1562 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Have you ever noticed when something goes horribly wrong there is someone offering tea and sympathy?† I was standing in the kitchen; hand on the faucet, when the phone started ringing. A sense of dread passed through me. No one called my house at this hour of the morning before I had coffee and cleared the fog from my mind. Time froze, as I heard my husband say hello, I thought this is going to be a long and bad Monday. I hated Mondays. I heard him say, â€Å"Hello, this better be good† and then thereRead MorePersuasive Speech - Original Writing912 Words   |  4 PagesArguments were usually my aunt’s stronghold, whenever she confronts an opponent she could argue them to shame. There isn’t an argument that she couldn’t win or derail not until she met my father who was equally matched and just as determine to prove a point. I vaguely remember at the age of five when she and her family use to visit us back in New York. Almost every day my father and aunt had some kind of argument. Sometimes it s over pointless little things, the color of the neighborsâ€⠄¢ car or someRead MorePersuasive Speech - Original Writing843 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Frederick Plezno that is your LAST warning!† â€Å"Whatever.† I say with a snicker. Mrs. Smith, the literacy teacher, always checks her phone at 3:45, like clockwork. Probably checking to see if anybody is trying to get ahold of her. Ha, yeah right. Lets try to sneak out. â€Å"Frederick, I know your tricks.† She says with a smile of proudness. â€Å"Has anybody been unfortunate enough today by getting ahold of you?† I already start walking out the door because I know that remark deserves a detention. Sorry, thatRead MorePersuasive Speech - Original Writing1477 Words   |  6 Pagessomething. I stool in front of their door room and heard they was talking about the draw was open and somebody took the money. I was shaking, I thought I’m done, my parents was going to kill me if they know that I took that money. Suddenly, my grandpa put his hand on my shoulder a nd opened my parent door room. He said: (4) â€Å"I took that money to pay for gas and electric this month.† He took my breath away, I did not know how he knew that I took the money and he stood up for me. I was so embarrassedRead MorePersuasive Speech - Original Writing1523 Words   |  7 PagesHave you ever noticed when something goes horribly wrong there is someone offering tea and sympathy? I was standing in the kitchen; hand on the faucet, when the phone started ringing. A sense of dread passed through me. No one called my house at this hour of the morning before I had coffee and cleared the fog from my mind. Time froze, as I heard my husband say hello, I thought this is going to be a long and bad Monday. I hated Mondays. I heard him say, â€Å"I’ll tell her, one of us will call you backRead MorePersuasive Speech - Original Writing1311 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Beep,Beep, Beep, Beep,† was the sound that played over and over at 6:30 A.M. On September 11th, 2001. I started to toss and turn, finally I realized my alarm was making that obnoxious beeping sound, so I rolled over and hit the snooze button. At that time I realized the time was nearly 6:45 A.M., the bright red numbers pointed directly into my foggy, awakening eyes. As I rolled out of bed my feet hit that same chilled floor as they do each morning. At that time I knew it was time for a shower

Is It What I Wore - 1504 Words

Imagine walking through the hallways of your school, of a place that has always brought you a sense of safety, a sense of hope for the future, and acted as a fountain of knowledge for the majority of your life. Now imagine being there and out of nowhere an individual, a fellow student, or even a friend grabs you, pulls you into a dark room, and maliciously attacks you. As you feel yourself lose complete control of the situation and of your body, the world around you turns to a blur and all you feel is pain. A pain that engulfs your entire being. A pain that you cannot even begin to cope with. A pain that leaves you feeling robbed of your innocence and numb to the world around you. You sit there alone and afraid and ask yourself, Why me?†¦show more content†¦For centuries societies have systematically oppressed women through the perpetuation of rape culture. The origins of the word rape, which is defined as any form of sexual intercourse committed without consent of the secon d party, come from the Greek root- to steal. The very etymology of the word rape hides within it the cultural assumptions that pervade our society’s mindset. As time has told throughout the history of law, the rape of a woman, until very recently has been seen and constructed as a property crime in which redress was awarded to a husband or father rather than to the actual victim. This objectification of women in the eyes of the law has been seen as early as the Code of Hammurabi, which stated that both the perpetrator and the victim were liable in the instance of rape and therefore are both sentenced to death. Early Hebrew law also followed this same rule of equal liability but also added concessions about the time frame and location in which the crime occurred. For example, if the rape took place within city limits it was up to the women to scream and actively portray her lack of consent in order to hopefully attract the attention of other city dwellers that would then assi st in stopping the rape. If a woman was raped outside city limits, where aid during the attack was less likely, the woman was not punished and instead the assailant was to pay a bride price and marry his victim. During the Middle Ages, specifically during the reign of

Essay on Failure of the Italian Revolutions - 765 Words

The failure of the Italian revolutions cannot be attributed to one reason as there are a plethora of reasons which could be cited as a main cause. The main reasons which could be argued as the most important reasons for the failure of the Italian revolts are the lack of organisation within revolutionary groups, the Austrian army’s strength, the political and military inexperience of those in power, the Pope’s abandonment of the revolution, the hesitation of Charles Albert to front the campaign of unity and Bonaparte’s intervention. In 1815 Italy was not recognised as a country, Metternich, an Austrian statesman, said The word Italy is a geographical expression, a description which is useful shorthand, but has none of the political†¦show more content†¦The Carbonari, in 1820, participated in a revolt in Naples against King Ferdinand’s government where the peasants and even the royal troops took part. Terrified of the revolting people, King Ferdinan d vowed to give all adult males the vote through a constitution. However, he had no intention of doing this and did not grant adult men the vote. Ferdinand told the Congress of Laibach that he had been forced to grant change and requested the Austrians to help regain order within his country. Metternich sent the superior Austrian army into Naples where they easily overcame the rebels. The savage treatment of his people caused uproar and in 1821 the peasants took over Turin, the capital of Sardinia-Piedmont, causing the king (Victor Emmanuel) to relinquish his role and hand power to his nephew, Charles Albert. Victor’s brother, Charles Felix was unhappy with Charles Albert acting as Victor’s replacement and asked Metternich to help him stop the revolts. The Austrian Army marched in again and controlled the peasants but Charles Albert was forced to flee due to his promise of change to the rebels. There were more revolts in Modena, Parma and the Papal States in 1831 led b y the Carbonari but yet again the Austrian army quelled them. Also, when Charles Albert reclaimed power in Sardinia there was hope he would support liberal ideas but he left people disillusioned by his cowardice in not supporting reform so not toShow MoreRelatedHow far do you agree that the limited appeal of Mazzinis ideas was the main reason for the slow progress of national unity in Italy in the years 1815-48?1527 Words   |  7 Pagesideas (to some groups of people) merely contributed somewhat as to why progress was slow; and therefore can be seen to be a conditional factor, rather than a contingent one. Mazzini’s nationalist ideas were not only unpopular with members of the Italian states – Austria too opposed such ideology of national unity for Italy. Austria was a significant factor in the slow progress of national unity following the Congress of Vienna, 1815. At this congress, it was decided that the states of Lombardy, TuscanyRead MoreHistory-failure of Italian Revolutionaries1074 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿History Essay-Miss guly How far do you agree that the failure of Italian revolutionaries in the years 1820-49 was primarily due to a lack of popular support? (30) There were several factors affecting the failure of the Italian revolutionaries in the years 1820-49. Although the lack of popular support was a contributing factor, it is far less significant when compared to other aspects of the failure such as the intervention and military strength of Austria, the lack of unity between various revolutionaryRead MoreEssay about The Revolutions of 18481045 Words   |  5 PagesThe revolution of 1848 encompassed many of the European countries. The revolutions sweeping across Europe included Germany, Italy, and France, excluding Russia and England. 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The Future of Cruise Industry Free Essays

The Future of Cruise Industry Abstract Cruise industry has rapidly developing since 1990s; it becomes not only as transportation tool, but a modern way of travel and even lifestyle. It is regarded as ‘floating resorts’. This journal article focuses on the future development of cruising industry. We will write a custom essay sample on The Future of Cruise Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now It examines cruise industry on five main factors: the structure of the industry: high concentration and enter of Low-Cost cruise lines; the potential customers: whether aging population or young generation would be the major group of consumers; destinations and markets: define the most popular destinations and core markets, as well as the exploration of new markets and destinations; the new innovation of sea-based apartment, the safety and security issues, which significant raised concern recently; and whether the cruise industry is environmental sustainable. Three key sources are used to compare and contrast the viewpoints: Hospitality 2010, which is written by Dr. Cetron; Cruise Ship Tourism, written by Dr. Dowling; and the Cruise Ship Experience, written by Dr. Douglas. These key sources are very up-to-date and reliable, the key authors are admitted as experts whether in the business or academic field, their works are in line with the topic. This journal article identifies current situation and the future developing trends of the cruise industry. It concludes that he cruise industry has a very bright future if proper measurements and regulation are being introduced and well implemented. Nowadays, Cruise industry is concerned as the most rapid growing sector in hospitality industry, which the business is expanding by 8 percent annually. In some specific area such as Alaska and Caribbean, it remains the top industry that contributes to the economy. Cruising business is expanding and changing world-wide; however, the industry is little understood by the society. Today, ships are not viewed as a means of transport but as floating resorts. Mega ships were introduced to carry more than 5,000 people; new ports on call and destinations are been discovered and on the way of developing the business. However, accomplished by the booming of the industry, several issues have been risen concerns on. This journal article will discuss six issues relate to the developing trends of cruise industry: the structure of the industry and further trends; the potential passengers; the existing and potential markets and destinations; the sea-based apartment—will it be popular; the concern of safety and security which is considered as primary factor due to the terrorist attacks; and the environmental issue: should corporations be self-guarded or forced to implement regulations. The thesis statement of the article is that cruise industry will overcome the difficulties and have a fortunate future. The secondary research is based on both quantitative and qualitative data, include case studies, statistics and in-depth interviews. To support the secondary data, a primary research was conducted in the form of questionnaire. The sample gathered fourty international students that majoring in hospitality and tourism management in Sydney. The sample was gained from the Carrick College, International College of Management, Sydney and Holmes College. The nationalities are varies, include Sweden, Norwegian, Australian, Japanese, Korean and Chinese. The questionnaire combines ‘Yes or No’ questions, multiple choices and short answers. These questions are in line with secondary data that discussed in the journal article, identify whether people are interested and willing to experience cruising in the future. The aim of primary research is to explore whether the responses are support or against Dr Dowling (2006), Dr. Cetron (2006) and Dr. Douglas (2004)’ findings. Literature Review Ideas from two key sources are used to compare and contrast in this journal article. The first key source is chapter 8 from Hospitality 2010, which is written by Dr. Marvin J. Cetron, who is a professional forecaster for over 40 years admitted both by corporate and American government. He is admitted as an expert in the fields of technological forecasting, strategic planning, technology assessment, Ramp;D planning, resource allocation, economics, marketing, and the behavioral sciences. Dr. Cetron has written 36 books, numerous articles and papers. His most popular works are future orientated. Hospitality 2010 is written in the form of business report and is considered American biased (Hall, 2007); Chapter 8 explores most of the aspects of cruising industry briefly which brought out discussion. It examines potential trends and problems such as waste management, aging population and future destinations that are particularly useful for this journal article. Dr. Ross K. Dowling is Foundation Professor and Head of Tourism in the School of Marketing, Tourism and Leisure, Faculty of Business and Law, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia. Professor Dowling is an international speaker, author, researcher and consultant on tourism with over 200 publications. He is passionate about Cruise Industry and he has lectured on board Silver Cloud around the east coast of Australia and New Zealand. The second source: Cruise Ship Tourism is the first comprehensive academic book to raise the awareness of cruise industry. It analyses current status of cruise industry and investigates a number of industry issues and predicts the future trends. This book gives clear direction from academic viewpoint. The third key source is The Cruise Experience written by Dr. Norman Douglas and Dr. Ngaire Douglas. Dr. Norman Douglas is Director of Pacific Profile and has taught at the University of New South Wales, the University of the South Pacific, Fiji and the University of Hawai’i. Dr. Ngaire Douglas is Associate Professor in the School of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW. The Cruise Experience examines cruising today, the economic impacts of cruising, and case studies from various perspectives. The Structure of Cruise Industry No doubt, three major companies control about 80% of the cruise market worldwide. The top three companies are Carnival Corporation, Royal Caribbean and Star Cruise. While the cruise industry’s capacity is increasing, the number of cruise companies is shirking. Douglas (2004) states that the move towards oligopoly will continually contribute to the disappearance of the mid-sized independent cruise companies which are rating from three-to-four star; only companies which have their own niche market or have strong economic background will survive. Furthermore, the Carnival Corporation aims not only the ‘world leading cruise lines’, but ‘the world only cruise line’. It means more cruise lines would likely be merged in the future; the concentration in the industry is possibly to increase even further (Dowling, 2006). Klein (2002) identifies bankruptcies as another reason for high concentration of the industry. In 2000 and 2001, seven cruise companies have ceased operations, include Premier Cruises, Commodore Cruise Line, Cape Canaveral Cruise Line and World Cruise Company, which eliminated more than 7,000 berths. Klein (2002) observes that the cruise industry’s expansion would be greater if the bankruptcies were not happened. Besides concentration that highly emphasised by experts, Dr. Dowling (2006) argues that Low Cost Cruising would make a significant growth of the industry. For example, Low Budget ‘no-frills’ style airlines had made a success in 2000s, such as Midway Airlines and SunJet Airlines. In 2005, the founder of one of the Low Cost airlines, EasyJet, has started a Low Cost no frills cruise line EasyCruise in Europe, targeted at younger generation between 20 and 40 years old; more than half of the customers are British, followed by Americans, Germans and the Swiss. Dr. Dowling (2006) asserts that there will be a rapidly growing niche market for low cost cruises. Potential Passengers According to Dr. Dowling (2006), a recent survey has shown that the passengers are becoming more youthful and are demanding more active itineraries. Take example of Alaska, the average age of passengers has fallen from 65 to 50 during 2004-2005. Furthermore, Dr. Dowling (2006) claims that family orientated cruises is becoming increasingly popular and will become a major niche market in future. Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA, 2004) showed 16% of cruisers bring children under age of 18 years sailed on their member line ships in 2004, which estimated number of more than one million. Dr. Cetron (2006) agrees that younger travelers form a profitable market for family cruising; to build up brand loyalty is one of the biggest advantages of catering them, cruise companies considered them as the most profitable cruisers for their later lives. Dr. Dowling (2006) observes that compare to younger generation, the number of full-time retirees is declining due to the fact that mid-career baby boomers now make up the largest market for cruises of 42%. In contrast, Dr. Cetron (2006) strongly argued that due to the fact that people are living longer and growing older on average, these people make up a growing segment of the cruise market. According to the Center for Strategic and International Studies, people over 65 were only 8% of the population in 1950 in the developed world, but 15% in 2000 and will be 27% in 2050. In some countries like Japan, the number will climb up to 37%. Secondly, senior generation take the longest and most luxurious cruises. Different from family and budget-minded passengers, elder people prefer small ships and regardless of the money just to have good times. They would be very profitable for cruise operators. Thirdly, Dr. Cetron (2006) believes that the growth of over 65 market will moderate the regular seasonality of tourism, because retirees can travel at any time; this can help cruise operators to adjust their cash flow. In addition, some cruise lines have already targeted retirees as core market and adjust their service to suit the market; Dr. Cetron (2006) recommends this market has potential consuming strength that could definitely increase revenue for the cruise company; others should follow their lead. New Markets and Destinations A number of new markets and destinations are rapidly recognised in the cruise sector. Dr. Cetron (2006) illustrates that by 2010, China is expected to be the single largest source of international tourists in the world, displacing Americans, Japanese and Germans. He predicts that 100 million Chinese will travel globally in 2020; even 1% of them take cruise trip, the market size will be more than doubled. In the meanwhile, although Dr. Dowling (2006) concerns China as a potential market as well, he suggests more studies should be conducted before enter of the market to understand and explore the possibility to develop cruise industry in China. Another emerging cruise destination both Dr. Cetron (2006) and Dr. Dowling (2006) have strongly emphasised is the Indian Ocean. South Africa and the Eastern African ports have already established some trade, 0. 2% of the world market, as Dr. Dowling (2006) states; the National Ports Authority is working on the development of the cruise industry in this region in order to ensure that efficient, effective services and facilities are provided to cruise liners to populate the South African coastline. As Dr. Cetron (2006) observes, cruise lines will begin to offer cruises and on board amenities suited native Indian’s taste and serve the local market. A New Innovation: Sea-based Apartment Dr. Dowling (2006) states that another area of potential expansion in the future is the rise of service apartment ships. These type of ships represent another type of community, the service include Clinique, swimming pools, several restaurants, grocery stores tennis court, disco, book store, mini golf course and helicopter pad. Already there is one privately owned residential cruise liner, the world, which houses 110 apartments that have already sold out, running the business. The residents mainly come from Europe and the USA. However, some apartments usually being left empty and treated as holiday homes. Dr. Dowling (2006) concludes that the possibility of whether sea-based apartment is a new opportunity for cruise lines or just a short term fashion will be identified by time. Safety and Security Anderson (2005) described security issues facing cruise industry include piracy, terrorism, drug smuggling, sexual assault and stowaways (Dowling, 2006). Piracy is a form of terrorism that exists for a long time. However, it has been largely ignored by the community due to the frequency of attacks. Dr. Dowling (2006) demonstrates the main cruise ships routes of piracy include the Straits and Malacca, the Red Sea and Indonesian and Malaysian waters. Another issue which has continually raising the concern is terrorism, despite of the infrequency of attack of cruise lines. The Caribbean has been identified as a major area of terrorist attack. Dr. Dowling (2006) detected that terrorist incidents within the cruise industry has been very rare, which is less than 2% of all terrorist attacks in the last thirty years. It may due to difficulty of accessibility and the specialist skills compare the way to attack land-based targets (Chalk, 2002). Dr. Cetron (2006) argued that cruise ships are ideal targets for terrorists who are willing to sacrifice themselves as they can take large number of people with them. The second reason is, as the government facilities and land-based buildings are becoming harder to attack, cruise ships are currently facing great risk. Furthermore, 94 percent of American rate the hotel safety as a primary factor in order to decide where to stay (Cetron, 2006). Regarding cruises as floating hotels, terrorism becomes a top concern for passengers. Both Dr. Cetron (2006) and Dr. Dowling (2006) mentioned the highjack of the Italian cruise liner â€Å"Achille Lauro† in 1985, which a US citizen was killed. Great emphasis of improving passengers’ safety and security was implemented immediately after the attack. Even though, bomb threats on board have never stopped, accomplished by people being killed. Recently, The International Ship and Port Safety (ISPS) Code was fully implemented in order to control the situation. Dr. Dowling (2006) emphasises US and Australia have higher security measures than other countries to prevent terrorist attacks on maritime targets. In addition, Australia has some of the most secure ports in the world including the USA. Dr. Dowling (2006) concludes that there is little the industry can do to prevent terrorism, however, it can be minimised through better security both at sea and in port. In addition, Dr. Cetron predicts that the legislation will be much tighter in the future regarding to the prevention of terrorism on board. Environmental Sustainability: Environmental Policy Challenges The question has been raised that whether cruise industry is environment sustainable or not. As the primary survey shows, environmental issues are not being realised seriously by society. Surprisingly, 74 percent of the sample responded with no clue of what environmental impact the cruise industry would cause, which is very shock. In fact, the destinations that located in biodiversity hotspots are being highly concerned as they have the most diverse and threatened environments on Earth. The destinations include the Caribbean, The Mediterranean, Western Mexico, the Panama Canal Zone and the South Pacific. Over the last 40 years, the governments have already made some progress and implementing environmentally responsible legislation and policy guidelines. However, Furger (1997); Freeman (1997); Luke (1997) and Sinclair (1997) argues that â€Å"current debate shows ongoing progress will not be accomplished by government intervention alone† (cited in Dowling, 2006). To examine whether self-regulation and voluntary guidelines or control regulation is more suitable for the cruise industry, two case studies from Juneau, Alaska, USA and Sydney, NSW, Australia are examined in the article. No doubt, the state of Alaska has the strictest regulations for cruise ships in the world, as the state regards the industry as primary factor that contribute to the local economy. The sewage and grey water discharge are especially strict in Juneau. Dr. Dowling (2006) states The Clean Water Act in the USA allows sewage to be dumped into the ocean beyond 3 miles of shore but not navigable water. Grey Water can be discharged anywhere in the USA but Alaska and the Great Lakes. Once the legislation has set, cruise companies responded voluntarily and showed their enthusiasm to go beyond compliance, which effect their marketing, reputation and economic value. Their strategies include best practice management, eco-labelling and green marketing. In the meanwhile, innovative technology in the form of advanced on-board wastewater treatment facilities was introduced by the cruise industry that is commonly applied to the cruise ships today. However, Dr. Klein (2002) argues that environmental responsibility can never voluntarily assumed due to the disappointed history. Dr. Klein (2002) describes the pattern that most industry innovations follow is, deny their faulty behaviour, persuade government to not implement regulations, resist enforcement, and after being caught, announce new company’s regulations. He maintains that self-regulation is the way cruise companies to escape from being caught. The situation in Sydney is a reverse of Juneau, where ‘regulation stifles innovation and discourages beyond compliance behaviour’ (Dr. Dowling, 2006). The legislation of ‘no-discharge’ in Sydney has made shipping agents frustrated. In Juneau, those ships with the state-of-art wastewater systems can discharge continuously cannot make exceptions from no-discharge policy applies at Sydney Harbour. To reply these unhappy operators, Sydney ports argue that even advanced wastewater system installed in cruises, produce still excess nutrients (Sydney waterways, 2003). However, no-charge policy has made the new system become a financial liability to cruise companies. They have to afford the cost of installing and operating the system but still have to pay for sewage disposal. To reduce the cost, cruise companies use older ships with older technologies instead of new ships in Australia; they argue that the no-charge policy is actually posing a degree of harm to the environment, which because older ships poses even more environmental hazards. In summary, experts support various viewpoints: Sinclair (1997) noted that mix of policy mechanisms and technological innovation should be involved; Klein (2002) asserts the industry requires strong legislations to control the corporations’ behaviour; on the other hand, Rondinelli (2000) believes more industry self-regulation would work. The key author Dr. Dowling (2006) concludes that due to the failure of corporations to build up their credibility and continually being caught and charged, cruise companies should not be trusted by self-regulation; Dr. Dowling (2006) observes strong legislation would best control the disposal issue and maintains environmental sustainability efficiently. Conclusion It is obvious cruise industry is big business; not only for cruise operators, but valuable for many nations, cities, ports and communities. Just in North American region in 2004, it provided 135,000 jobs and contributed US$30 billion on the US economy, which increased more than 18% over the previous year. The business structure will be very similar to the current airline industry, which dominate by oligopolists but small growing sector for Low Cost cruises; and these large companies might implement predation strategy, increase the frequency of sailing routes and depress the prices to drive Cost cruises out, like what American Airline did in 1990s. Secondly, the passengers will not only be concentrated on elder generation, but involved all age groups; different cruise lines will particularly target different groups when considering purchase new vessels and planning market strategies. Thirdly, the progress of developing cruise industry in developing countries is on their ways, the future markets and destinations will not be only in developed nations, but spread globally. Next, the trend of sea-based apartment is difficult to predict, but due to the luxury and extremely high price of purchasing, one thing cannot deny that it is entertain for upper class only. Furthermore, due to the continue impact from terrorist attack and risen concern from passengers, the policy of safety and security will be increasingly tighter with new detecting technology involved. Lastly, the environmental sustainability issue will never be finished the discussion. In my opinion, doesn’t matter what action people take into account, when there is human activities, it will be no longer sustainability. However, due to the fact that it is merely impossible for human being to stop discovering the Earth, what government and non-profitable orgnisations can do is to minimise our influence to the environment, establish more policies to regulate and strict activities with monitoring, because I believe deeply that self-regulation will never work, as long as the improper discharge of wastes can save their cost. At the very end, I strongly believe the cruise industry will have a very bright future, for the cruise operators, the consumers, the employment, the society and the governments. References Cetron, M. (2006). Hospitality 2010— the Future of Hospitality and Travel. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall Dowling, R. K. (2006). Cruise Ship Tourism. London: CABI. Douglas, N. amp; Douglas, N. (2004). The Cruise Experience – Global and Regional Issues in Cruising. London: CABI. Ebersold, W. B. Business Briefing: Global Cruise– Cruise Industry in Figures. 2004). [Online]. Available: http://www. touchbriefings. com/pdf/858/ebersold. pdf [Accessed 2008, April 1]. Klein, A. R. (2002). Cuise Ship Blues—The Underside of the Industry. Canada: New Society Publishers Ye, W. China’s Cruise Economy is Ready to Bloom. (2007). [Online]. Available: http://www. ccyia. com/english/News_View. asp? NewsID=154 [Accessed 2008, March 31]. Choi, C. Q. (2007, March 25). Cruise Lines Face More Policing of Waste Disposal. The New York Times. P5. Appendix Survey on Cruise Industry 1. Have you ever been taken a cruise trip? Yes No 2. Are you willing to take a cruise trip in the future? Yes No Not sure 3. Which type of cruise do you prefer? A. Small luxury ships with personalised service B. Big ships, 1000 – 2000 passengers, probably need to Queue for amenities/facilities C. Budgeted cruise trip 4. Who would you likely to travel with? A. Friends B. Family C. Alone 5. How many days do you prefer to spend on cruising? A. 3 days B. 3 to 7 days C. 14 days D. A month 6. What is your spending expectation during the stay on a cruise? A. AU$50 to 100 B. AU$100 To 300 C. More than AU$300 7. Is there any destinations you wish to visit? Eg, the Caribbean, Alaska, Australia round trip, Antarctic, Malaysia/Indonesia, China 8. Why you choose cruise trips but not land-based hotels/resorts? Give one or more reasons. 9. What is the most important factor that you consider when choosing a route or cruise line? 10. Do you know the cruise lines are damaging the environment especially the marines? If yes, what things should be done to prevent/reduce the impact of cruise industry? How to cite The Future of Cruise Industry, Papers